Today we will learn about Modal Verbs in this article Modals in Hindi प्रकार और प्रयोग | Modals short tricks. Modal Verbs का English Grammar में अपनी एक अहम भूमिका है कुछ वाक्य ऐसे होते हैं जिनके लिए हमे Modal Verbs की जानकारी होना बहुत आवश्यक होता है आज हम Modal Verbs क्या है, कितने प्रकार के होते हैं, इनके प्रयोग, इनके उदाहरण और कुछ modal short tricks व simple modal tips के बारे में जानेगे|

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Modal Verbs क्या है | Modals in English grammar

Modal verbs वो क्रियाएँ होती हैं जो अन्य क्रियाओं के साथ मिलकर Question, Negative तथा Tense बनाने के साथ साथ किसी संभावना व इच्छा को व्यक्त करने का कार्य करते हैं|

Modals को हिन्दी में क्या कहते हैं –

Modals को हिन्दी में सहायक क्रिया कहते है जिसे वाक्यों में main verb के साथ सहायक क्रिया के रूप में प्रयोग किया जाता है|

Examples of Modal Verbs –

I can speak English.
It may rain today.
He should go there.
You need some money.
He would not tell a lie.

13 Modal verbs के प्रकार | Types of Modals in Hindi

Modal auxiliary verbs 13 प्रकार के होते हैं जो निम्न प्रकार हैं _

Can – सकता, सकती, सकते है
Could – सका, सकी, सके या सकता था, सकती थी, सकते थे
May – सकता, सकती, सकते है या संभावना व पूर्व अनुमान
Might – सकता, सकती, सकते या चाहिए
Shall – गा, गे, गी
Should – चाहिए
Will – गा, गे, गी या इच्छा व्यक्त करने के लिए
Would – करता था, चाहूँगा, चहुंगी
Ought to – चाहिए, चाहिए था
Used to – करता था या कोई past habit बताने के लिए
Need – चाहिए था, जरूरत थी, जरूरत है
Must – चाहिए, जरूर चाहिए, जरूर चाहिए था
Dare – हिम्मत करना

Modal verbs का प्रयोग | Use of Modals in Hindi

Use of ‘Can’ (सकता, सकती, सकते है)

Rule [1] – Can का प्रयोग ability (योग्यता), capacity, habit (आदत) या nature (स्वभाव) को व्यक्त करने के लिए तथा permission (अनुमति) देने के लिए किया जाता है| जैसे-

He can lift the bed.
I can swim across the river.
We can solve the problems.
A deceitful person can deceive us.
An honest man cannot harm anyone.
You can buy books from the shop.
Can I see your bag?
You can go home.

Rule [2] – Can का प्रयोग theoretical possibility (सैद्धांतिक संभावना) को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए भी किया जाता है| जैसे –

Everyone can make mistakes.
Electricity can be dangerous.

Use of ‘Could’ (सका, सकी, सके या सकता था, सकती थी, सकते थे)

Rule [1] – Could का प्रयोग Past ability, power, capacity (भूतकाल मे निहित योग्यता, शक्ति, सामर्थ्य) तथा polite request, permission (विनम्र निवेदन, अनुमति) के भाव को व्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

My father could drive a car at the age of twenty.
She could pass the board examination.
When I was young, I could climb mount Abu.
Could you help her, please?
Could I borrow your books for three days?

Use of ‘May’ (सकता, सकती, सकते है या संभावना व पूर्व अनुमान)

Rule [1] – May का प्रयोग Possibility, uncertainty, surprise (संभावना, अनिश्चितता, आश्चर्य) wish, pray, bless, curse (इच्छा, प्रार्थना, आशीर्वाद, अभिशाप) आदि को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

Your father may come today.
My brother may come late today.
It may be true.
How old he may be!
Who may be there!
May you live long!
May God bless you!
May our publisher live long!
May you succeed in life!

Rule [2] – May का प्रयोग अनुमति देने या लेने के भाव को एक्सप्रेस करने लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

Q. May I use your laptop?
A. Yes, you may.
Q. May he live with you?
A. Yes, he may live with me.
Q. May I come in, sir?
A. No, you may not.

Use of ‘Might’ (सकता, सकती, सकते या चाहिए)

Rule [1] – Might का प्रयोग less possibility (कम संभावना) तथा polite request व permission के भाव को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

It might rain today.
He might come late.
His wife might come anytime.
Might I ask a question?
You might make a little less noise.

Rule [2] – Might का प्रयोग कल्पना को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे – Suppositional sentence – जो I wish, we wish, he wishes, she wishes, as if, as though, if only, suppose आदि से स्टार्ट होते हैं|

If you worked hard, you might succeed.
I wish he might have seen ‘Mother India’.

NOTE :- जैसे कि हमने पढ़ा polite request तथा permission के भाव को व्यक्त करने के लिए can, could, may, might सभी का प्रयोग किया जाता है लेकिन can/may कि तुलना मे अधिक विनम्रता तथा झिजक के भाव को व्यक्त करने के लिए could/might का प्रयोग किया जाता है|

Use of ‘Shall’ (गा, गे, गी)

Rule [1] – Shall का प्रयोग subject I/We के साथ future के किसी कार्य को व्यक्त करने तथा simple futurity (सामान्य भविष्य मे होने वाली घटना), permission (अनुमति) या desire (इच्छा) को व्यक्त करने वाले Interrogative sentence मे होता है जैसे –

(a) Normal Use

I shall go to Delhi tomorrow.
We shall go there tonight.

(b) Simple futurity

Shall I be wasting in despair?

Shall we go out?

(d) Desire

Shall I thread the needle for you?

Rule [2] – Shall का प्रयोग subject I/We के अलावा सभी subject – you, he, she, it, they आदि के साथ command (आदेश), promise (वादा), threatened (धमकी), determination (द्रढ़संकल्प), compulsion (अनिवार्यता) को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

(a) Command

You shall sit outside the office.
He shall go there at once.

(b) Promise

He shall be awarded

If you do this, you shall be dismissed.
He shall be punished if he does that again.

(d) Determination

You shall go there.
He shall obey me.

(e) Compulsion

You shall come to school at ten.
Students shall pay their fees by the 8th of every month.

Use of ‘Should’ (चाहिए)

Rule [1] – Should का प्रयोग moral obligation (नैतिकदायित्व), duty (कर्तव्य), advice (सलाह) तथा possibility

(संभावना लेकिन कम संभावना) के भाव को व्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

One should love one’s country.
You should not quarrel with your friend.
We should speak the truth.
You should come to school on time.
You should not laugh at his mistakes.
She should consult a doctor at once.
I think you should come tomorrow.
India should win the match.

Rule [2] – Should का प्रयोग supposition (कल्पना) को व्यक्त करने के लिए conditional clause में किया जाता है

If it should rain, they will not come.
If he should see me here, he will be annoyed.

Use of ‘Will’ (गा, गे, गी या इच्छा व्यक्त करने के लिए)

Rule [1] – Will का प्रयोग subject I/We के अलावा वाकी सभी subject (you, he, she, it, they, singular noun, plural noun) के साथ फ्युचर के सभी कार्य को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

You will go to Mumbai tomorrow.
She will wash the clothes tomorrow.
They will complete this work soon.
Parents will come back soon.

Rule [2] – Will का प्रयोग subject I/We के साथ promise (वादा), threatened (धमकी), determination (द्रढ़संकलप) willingness (इच्छा) को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

(a) Promise

I will do everything for my children.
We will try to help you with this examination.

(b) Threatened

We will spoil you.
I will kill you.

I will do hard work for success.
We will not allow her to come in.

(d) Willingness

We will request him to help you.
He will go to Lucknow with his wife.

Use of ‘Would’ (करता था, चाहूँगा, चहुंगी)

Rule [1] – Would का प्रयोग Past habit, probability, polite request, wish, determination, past willingness, preference or choice, refusal के भाव को व्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

(a) Past habit (पिछली आदत)

He would sit for hours in his playground.
She would go for a walk every morning.

(b) Probability (संभावना)

She would be his wife.
He would be a doctor.

Would you please lend me your laptop?
Would you like to have a cup of tea?

(d) Wish (इच्छा)

Would that she was here.
Would that I were a bird.

(e) Determination (निश्चय)

He would not tell a lie.
She would have her only way.

(f) Past willingness (तत्परता)

He said that he would help me.
He would like to see her.

(g) Preference/Choice (प्राथमिकता/पसंद/चुनाव)

He would as soon die as beg.
She would rather go than stay.

(h) Refusal (इंकार)

He would not answer any questions.
The machine wouldn’t start.

Use of ‘Ought to’ (चाहिए, चाहिए था)

Rule [1] – Ought to का प्रयोग Moral obligation, Strong probability, Advice, Logical necessity, Past obligation, Past disapproval के भाव को एक्सप्रेस करने मे किया जाता है जैसे –

(a) Moral obligation (नैतिक कर्तव्य)

You ought to get better marks.
We ought to help those who are in need.
He ought to be ashamed of his rude behavior.
One ought not to abuse a beggar.

(b) Strong probability (प्रवल संभावना)

He ought to win the match.
She ought to pass the examination.

He ought to get up early in the morning.
You ought to read the books.

(d) Logical necessity (तार्किक आवश्यकता)

Rashmi ought not to be there.
Riya ought to start at once.

(e) Past obligation (दायित्व)

Ought to + have + M.V (third form)

He ought to have obeyed his parents.
I ought to have visited my sister yesterday.

(f) Past disapproval (नामंजूरी)

Ought not to + Have +M.V.(third form)

You ought not to have laughed at his mistakes.
Rohini ought not to have treated her husband like that.

Use of ‘Must’ (चाहिए, जरूर चाहिए, जरूर चाहिए था)

Rule [1] – Must का प्रयोग Compulsion, Fixed determination, Duty, Certainty, Strong likelihood, Inevitable के भाव को एक्सप्रेस करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

(a) Compulsion (बाध्यता)

Students must answer at least ten out of the twenty questions.
The patient must take medicine in time.

(b) Fixed determination (पक्का इरादा)

We must firmly deal with the anti-social challenges.
I must have my book back.
We must go.

A soldier must fight for his county.
A judge must be upright.

(d) Certainty (निश्चितता)

You must complete your homework tomorrow.
We must win this match.

(e) Strong likelihood (प्रबल संभावना)

You must have heard about Nehru ji.
She must be hungry after his long walk.

(f) Inevitable (अनिवार्य)

We must all die.
Students must strive hard to get 80% marks.

Use of ‘Used to’ (करता था या कोई past habit बताने के लिए)

Rule [1] – Used to का प्रयोग Past habit/situation तथा Discontinued habit के भाव को व्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है जैसे –

(a) Past habit/situation

He used to exercise every day.
My mother used to go to a temple in the morning.
People used to think that the sun traveled around the earth.

(b) Discontinued habit

He used to drink tea; now he drinks coffee.
I used to smoke cigarettes; now I smoke pipes.

Use of ‘Need’ (चाहिए था, जरूरत थी, जरूरत है)

Rule [1] – Need का प्रयोग Require /to have to be necessary (आवश्यकता होना/पड़ना) के अर्थ मे main verb के रूप मे singular तथा plural दोनों form मे होता है जैसे –

He needs my support.
He needs to go home.
They need to complete their project.
I need some money.

Rule [2] – Need के साथ ‘not’ का प्रयोग marginal auxiliary verb के रूप मे negative idea को व्यक्त करने के लिए हमेशा plural form मे होता है जैसे –

He need not go office.
You need not come here.
I needn’t do this work.

Rule [3] – Need का प्रयोग Marginal Auxiliary Verb तथा Modal Auxiliary Verbs के रूप मे Interrogative Sentences मे Plural form मे किया जाता है जैसे –

Need he go there.
Need she meets her boss.

Use of ‘Dare’ (हिम्मत करना)

Rule [1] – Dare का प्रयोग to be courageous (साहस करना या हिम्मत करना) के अर्थ मे main verb के रूप singular तथा plural दोनों form मे किया जाता है जैसे –

He dares to go there.
I dare to oppose my boss.
We dare to come here.

Rule [2] – Dare के साथ ‘not’ का प्रयोग marginal auxiliary verb के रूप मे negative idea को व्यक्त करने के लिए हमेशा plural form मे होता है जैसे –

I dare not go playground.
He dare not oppose his boss.

Rule [3] – Dare का प्रयोग Marginal Auxiliary Verb तथा Modal Auxiliary Verbs के रूप मे Interrogative Sentences मे Plural form मे किया जाता है जैसे –

Dare he opposes his parents.
How dare you come here.

यदि आप Modal Verbs की practice करना चाहते हैं तो इस Modal Verbs Quiz को जरुर खेलिए और जानिए अपने level को |

Modals short tricks and simple modal verb tips

Rule [1] – Modal Auxiliary Verbs Main Verbs Helping Verbs

You can help me.
He will go there tomorrow.
It may rain today.
He could pass the examination.
We must respect our parents.

Rule [2] – Modal Auxiliary Verbs का V¹, V², V³, V⁴(ing form) व V⁵(s/es form) forms नहीं होते हैं| इसका प्रयोग सभी subjects तथा numbers के साथ एक ही रूप मे होता है यानि इसके forms मे कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होता है जैसे –

I can do this work.
We can do this work.
They can do this work.
You can do this work.
He can do this work.

Rule [3] – Modal Auxiliary Verbs (ought to, used to को छोड़कर) M. V¹का प्रयोग होता है अर्थात Infinitive with ‘to’ का प्रयोग नहीं होता है जैसे –

I can go.
I can to go. (wrong)
He will come here.
He will to come here. (wrong)
It might be true.
It might to be true. (wrong)

Rule [4] – Dare तथा Need का प्रयोग Main Verb के रूप मे होता है जैसे –

He needs my help.
She does not dare to go there.

What is Primary Auxiliary Verbs | Auxiliary Verbs

Primary Auxiliary Verbs को ही Auxiliary Verbs कहते हैं ये वो Verbs हैं जो अन्य Verbs के साथ मिलकर Question, Negative तथा Tense बनाने का कार्य करते हैं|

Types of Primary Auxiliary Verbs | Primary Auxiliary Verbs के प्रकार

Primary Auxiliary Verbs तीन प्रकार के होते हैं जो निम्नलिखित हैं जैसे –

Be – is, am, are, was, were, been, being

Do – do, does, did

Have – has, have, had

Differences between Auxiliary Verbs and Modal Verbs

Modal Auxiliary Verbs Exercises with answer

You ……… speak English. (can/may)
The patient ………. Take medicine in time. (should/might)
Work hard lest you ……… fail. (should/would)
He …….. not help me. (need/needs)
I …….. punish you if you don’t behave yourself. (shall/will)
I ……… like to see that pen. (would/might)
We ……… not to walk on the grass. (ought/should)
He ……… punish the child. (dare not/dares not)
She ……… to walk in the morning. (used/ought)
You ………. Keep your promise. (should/ought)

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